Understanding Barrier Contraception Methods

Barrier contraception methods are safe and effective ways to help prevent pregnancy and protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In this article, we will explore what barrier methods are, how to use them correctly, their effectiveness, and where you can obtain them.

What Are Barrier Contraception Methods?

Barrier methods work by creating a physical barrier that stops sperm from reaching the egg. They are designed to be used during sexual intercourse and include several options:

  1. Condoms (male and female)

  2. Diaphragms

  3. Cervical caps

  4. Spermicides (when used with other barrier methods)

1. Condoms

Male Condoms: These are thin, stretchy tubes made of latex, polyurethane, or polyisoprene. They are worn on the penis during intercourse.

Female Condoms: These are soft, loose-fitting pouches made of nitrile. They are inserted into the vagina before sex.

2. Diaphragms

Diaphragms are shallow, dome-shaped cups made of silicone or latex. They cover the cervix to stop sperm from entering the womb. They need to be used with a spermicide for maximum protection.

3. Cervical Caps

Cervical caps are similar to diaphragms but smaller. They also cover the cervix and must be used with spermicide. They can be left in place for several hours.

4. Spermicides

Spermicides are chemicals that kill sperm. They can be used alone or together with barrier methods to increase effectiveness.

How to Use Barrier Methods

Male Condoms

  1. Check the expiry date and the packaging for any damage.

  2. Pinch the tip of the condom to leave space for sperm.

  3. Roll it down the entire length of the penis before any genital contact.

  4. After ejaculation, hold the base of the condom while taking it off to prevent leaks. Dispose of it safely. For more detailed information on condoms please click here.

Female Condoms

  1. Check the expiry date and the packaging for damage.

  2. Twist the inner ring and insert the pouch into the vagina, ensuring it fits snugly against the cervix.

  3. During intercourse, the outer ring should stay outside the vagina.

  4. When finished, remove and dispose of it carefully.

    Click here to buy a female condom, also known as the internal condom (non-latex)*

Diaphragms and Cervical Caps

  1. Insert the spermicide into the diaphragm or cervical cap.

  2. Fold the diaphragm and insert it into the vagina, ensuring it covers the cervix.

  3. It should stay in place for at least six hours after sex but can be left in for up to 24 hours.

  4. Remove it and wash it with mild soap and water before storing.

    In the UK, we only recommend the Caya single size contraceptive cap, click here to obtain more information and consider buying.*

    When using a diaphragm, you have to use a gel, Caya also sell a non-toxic, and organic alternative to spermicide that inhibits sperm mobility and ensures your diaphragm or cervical cap is well sealed. Click here if you would like to buy it.*

  5. Cervical caps are not recommended in the UK, and we would recommend you use a different form of contraception. Caps can fall off the cervix and usually used incorrectly. However if you have used one and would like a replacement and know you size then please click here (26mm).* For 22mm, click here.* For 30mm, click here.* Other sizes also available. Please also remember, you will need to have your correct size, caps come in different sizes (because cervix’s come in different sizes) and you need to be measured by a medic who has experience in cap fitting, to get the correct size.

Spermicides

  1. Insert the spermicide into the vagina using an applicator before sex.

  2. It takes about 10 to 15 minutes to start working, so plan accordingly. (Do not use unless you have been correctly taught how to use it by a health care professional trained in its correct use).

  3. Remember to also use a barrier for your contraception, gel on it’s own is not recommended. To obtain a gel, please click here.*

Effectiveness of Barrier Methods

The effectiveness of barrier methods can vary based on usage and the method chosen:

  • Male Condoms: About 85% effective with typical use, up to 98% with perfect use.

  • Female Condoms: About 79% effective with typical use, up to 95% with perfect use.

  • Diaphragms and Cervical Caps: Typically 88% effective when used correctly with spermicide.

  • Spermicides: About 72% effective on their own, but more effective when used with other barrier methods.

Where to Obtain Barrier Contraception

Barrier methods are widely available and can be easily obtained (Can click on links above):

  • Male and Female Condoms: Available at pharmacies, supermarkets, and convenience stores. Many are sold without a prescription.

  • Diaphragms and Cervical Caps: These usually require a prescription and fitting by a healthcare professional. You can ask your doctor or visit a sexual health clinic. Please note that cervical caps are no-longer recommended as they are harder to fit and also slip off, so in the UK you will usually only be offered a diaphragm.

  • Spermicides: These can be found in pharmacies and certain shops.

Conclusion

Barrier contraception methods are an accessible option for those looking to prevent pregnancy and STIs. Understanding how to use each method properly is essential for ensuring their effectiveness. Remember, it's always a good idea to talk to a healthcare professional if you have any questions or need guidance on which method may be best for you. Stay informed and stay safe!